Our partnerships make our work possible. The State LGBT+ Business Climate Index is financially supported by a grant from the Gill Foundation. The Index is based on data graciously shared by the Movement Advancement Project and the Williams Institute. Ropes & Gray is our pro bono legal partner for the CEO Business Briefs globally, and their research informs this Index. FCB partnered with us to conduct original market research into American attitudes toward LGBT+ workplace inclusion, informing the Regional Context section of the State CEO Briefs. America Competes supported the development of the scoring for the Risk Assessments detailed below, particularly for the Future Risk score.

Out Leadership and FCB partnered on original market research into the attitudes of American workers on LGBT+ inclusion, which fielded in 2019 and 2020. These briefs as a whole will be updated on an ongoing basis by Out Leadership because we recognize the ever-changing nature of policy on the local, state, and national level.

Overall, 52.5% of LGBT+ workers in the West are out at work. However, urbanicity has a big impact on whether LGBT+ workers feel comfortable sharing personal information at work (LGBT+ workers are 26% less likely to share when in rural areas vs 4% less likely to share in urban areas compared to national average). There is also a big impact when it comes to age and being open to managers, with older LGBT+ workers in this region being more likely to share with their managers than any other age group nationwide (52% more likely). West workers are also 14% more likely to report microaggressions at work which may be why LGBT+/Allies are also 15% more likely to say they want to work with companies that are more supportive of LGBT+ rights. Even though there are reports of microaggressions in the workplace, workers in this region were 35% less likely to say that the state’s leadership talked negatively about LGBT+ issues.

Unless otherwise noted, all comparisons for more or less likely are compared to the National results. Regional results are based off of 1,500 respondents (LGBT+ and Non-LGBT+ responses have been weighted to be age-representative for each audience in each region). National results are based off of 600 respondents representative of each audience (LGBT+ vs Non-LGBT+).

States in the Western region included: Alaska, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. 

Legal Status of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Community

• Washington state law prohibits discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in housing, employment, education, lending, insurance and public accommodation.
• Children in foster care are protected from discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression.
• Washington’s anti-bullying law prohibits bullying on the basis of sexual orientation, gender expression and gender identity.
• Washington state does not permit agencies to refuse placements based on their religious beliefs.
• Washington does not have a religious exemption law. State legislators introduced on in 2017, but it failed to pass.
• It’s a Class A felony to administer, transmit or expose another person to HIV “with the intent to inflict great bodily harm,” punishable by up to life imprisonment and/or a fine of up to $50,000.
• Washington’s health code allows public health officials to request permission to detain people when they “know or have reason to believe” that a person has a sexually transmitted disease and is engaging in behaviors that present an “imminent danger to the public health”.
• The state’s hate crimes protections cover sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression.
• Licensed clinicians are prohibited from using conversion therapy on minors, but non-licensed counselors who do so aren’t breaking the law.

Legal Status of the Transgender Community

• There has been a nonbinary “x” option available on birth certificates since 2018, and the same option is available on driver’s licenses as of October 2019.
• Any adult born in Washington can change birth certificate gender markers with a notarized form. A name change requires a court order.
• A name change on a driver’s license requires showing evidence that an applicant has legally made the switch, such as a court order or an amended birth certificate.
• Changing the gender marker on a driver’s license entails submitting a change of gender designation request.
• Washington Apple Health, the state’s Medicaid program, covers medically necessary surgical and nonsurgical services for transgender individuals. These include services such as gender affirming related hormones, primary care visits, mental health visits, and various surgeries.
• Washington’s antidiscrimination law prohibits discrimination against transgender individuals in insurance transactions.
• Washington’s antidiscrimination rules include a provision that trans people cannot be forced to use a gender-segregated facility that is inconsistent with their gender identity. This applies to all places of public accommodation and workplaces with eight or more employees.

Government Statements and Actions

• Gov Jay Inslee signed a bill banning the gay “panic defense” in March 2020.
• The state created an LGBTQ Commission in 2019 to communicate with the state’s LGBTQ community, identify and advocate for its needs and push for equity and inclusion in government.
• The Governor signed strengthened protections for trans students in the state in July 2019, mandating that each school district follow a central policy with strong anti-bullying and equality protections, and that they appoint a point person responsible for the policy’s enforcement.
• Second-term Seattle Mayor Jenny Durkan was the second-ever openly lesbian candidate elected to lead a major American city.
• In June 2019, the state Supreme Court upheld a prior decision against a woman who refused to sell flowers to a gay couple for their wedding. The court ruled the woman violated the state’s anti-discrimination and consumer protection laws.